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Monitoring methods in cardiovascular disease from the nurses point of view
PROCHÁZKOVÁ, Anna
Theoretical basis: This thesis briefly describes the current status of cardiology and diagnostic methods conducted in this area. For diagnose of heart disease are used many diagnostic metods. Such as anamnesis , physical examination. Which include, view, palpation, percussion and auscultation. Diagnostic methods can be divided into invasive and non-invasive. Invasive methods measures central blood pressure, heart catheterization, coronary angiography and electrophysiological testing. Between noninvasive methods are include blood pressure monitors, ECG, echocardiography, tilt table test, stress test and X-ray examinations. The aim of the thesis: In the empirical part of this work are conducted interviews with nurses working at the Cardiological Department in selected South Bohemian hospitals. The goal of the research was to find out which methods are used by nurses in ECG and complications that nurses know the context of the implementation coronarographic examination. Methodology: The research survey has revealed the specifics of nursing care in coronary examinations and methods which nurses perform during an ECG. The research was conducted through qualitative based on interviews with nurses. The interview contained twenty-two issues that were focused on Coronary and ECG. Inteviews were recorded on an electronic recorder after permission nurses. During the interviews, I took notes on paper. All interviews were then transferred to Microsoft Office Word. Before starting the interviews, had been sent a request for approval in writing to head nurse in selected South Bohemian hospitals. Before beginning the interviews I've printed out twenty-two questions prepared in advance. Questions were divided into three categories. The identification part, the part concerning examination and coronarographic part focused on an ECG. Results: The interview shows that nurses from cardiology department know the basic complications which may be invoked in connection with the examination of the coronary. The most common complication which could nurses experience is pain, hematoma and bleeding. Nurses don´t offten meet with less frequent complications, although they know these complications. Nurses know what to follow in order to avoid complications. Nurses are aware that proper preparation of the patient for testing and subsequently monitoring the patient's condition after the examination can prevent complications. Nurses also warn patients to avoid straining of their limb. The research shows that for nurses is ECG well known and is conducted several times a day. For the examination nurses are preparing EKG machine, water or gel, wipes, disinfecting apparatus, and gloves. Some nurses also prepares disposable razor. Conclusion: This thesis should more extend overview about diagnostics metods of cardiovascular system. I also strive to make diagnostic methods more well-known for nurses outside the cardiology department. In cardiology is constantly improving the quality of diagnostics methods and prognosis of patients is still improving. I hope that my work will bring quality and complete summary of the investigative methods in cardiology and becomes a learning tool for someone else.
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Working conditions of nurses in acute beds.
ŠVECOVÁ, Markéta
This thesis is called "Working conditions of nurses at acute medical units." The intensive care medicine was chosen as the main focus of research. It pervades all branches and it became a very interesting multidisciplinary part of medicine. Another subject is non-medical staff, as demands made on them are really high. First, the thesis deals with intensive care medicine and relates it with nursing. Then it describes the role of nurses, mentions their system of education, changes which has happened and the peculiarities for intensive medicine. The operation of second internal clinic of General University Hospital in Prague from the nursing point of view including related internal and legal regulations is described in more detail in the empirical part, for better understanding wider context. Out of consideration for the fact that a coronary unit (whose staff are the research sample) is on the verge of offering resuscitation and higher intensive care, it is also aimed at and its specifications too. Individual factors making working execution harder can be influenced, although partly they are determined by a human factor and have their limits whose exceeding or change can become a problem. The diploma project investigates the working conditions of nurses at acute medical units because that is what can be both positively and negatively affected and it is measurable. A qualitative enquiry in the form of non-standard interview was used for collecting the data. Overall fifteen nurses working at acute medical units of General University Hospital in Prague were addressed. Their personal situation is briefly outlined, but the main focus follows the aims in the thesis, i.e. findings of the nurses' opinions at acute medical units on their working conditions; findings of which factors make their working conditions difficult; ways of eliminating these factors and how to improve the quality of nursing. Altogether ten research questions were formulated so that interviews with respondents could be categorized and analyzed. The thesis came to the conclusion that improvement in the area of working conditions while providing nursing at acute medical units is possible. Most suggested solutions are not able without the help of management, or are dependent on it fully. However, even today the provided nursing care is at an excellent level.
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Responsibility of a nurse during exercise of her profession
HAVELKOVÁ, Hana
With the accession of the Czech Republic to the European Union there has arisen a necessity of some changes in the Czech legislation. One of them is also a reform of competencies of health care professionals in paramedical professions. Creation of favourable all-society conditions for independent activities of nurses represents an effective trend of continuous improving of provided care quality. However, it is necessary to be aware of the fact that the independence is also connected with responsibility. Provision of nursing care requires knowledge of generally binding regulations and legislation, which reduce the number of critical incidents and errors. The theoretical part of the Bachelor´s degree thesis was dedicated to a detailed analysis of Decree No. 424/2004 Coll., and then it dealt with the responsibility of nurses within the legal, ethical and moral standards. The Bachelor´s degree thesis aims at the mapping out of the areas of activities of general nurses with the most frequent incidence of malpractice, and at the determining of the methods of forming the procedures that prevent the nurses from making the errors. Two hypotheses have been stipulated. One hypothesis presumes that the most frequent incidence of errors is connected with administration of medication. The other hypothesis presumes that general nurses are not familiarized with the exact wording of the Decree No. 424/2004 Coll. to the corresponding extent. In order that the objectives of the Bachelor´s degree thesis could be attained and the hypotheses verified, the inquiry method by means of a questionnaire was used. The sample was formed by nurses from the whole Czech Republic, who were finishing their specialization education in the National Centre of Nursing and Other Health Professions in Brno. According to the results of the study most of the errors occur during administration of medication. Although procedures have been formed that prevent the nurses from making the errors, it is clear that they do not quite fulfil their function. The results of the research have proved both the above-mentioned hypotheses. Among the suggested measures aiming at better preparation of general nurses for their professional careers there belongs, without doubt, the improvement of legal awareness within the framework of qualification education, especially concerning the acceptance of responsibility and consequences arising from the behaviour. It is also necessary to call upon the head workers to analyze (regularly and in detail) the past critical incidents, to determine the malpractice risks and to implement measures for minimizing adverse events occurrence.
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Factors influencing the nursing degree students´satisfaction and behaviour during the practical training
ALTMANOVÁ, Marie
The bachelor thesis named {\crqq}Factors influencing the satisfaction of General nurse students during the practical training{\crqq} is divided into the theoretical and practical part. In the practical part it was discovered, that the most common factor affecting the level of satisfaction of the students with the clinical practice is the relationship with the nurses working as their mentors in the clinical department. The hypothesis stating, that students, who are not satisfied with their clinical practice are more often considering a different future employment than that of a nurse, has been confirmed. The results of the questionnaire showed, that students of the 3rd year are generally less satisfied with clinical training than those of the 2nd year. It was also determined, that nurses consider the lack of time as the main negative factor influencing their cooperation with students during clinical practice.
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